A practical, Michigan-specific guide to duties of a personal representative and the probate process—what to file, when to notify creditors, and how to protect estate assets.
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When a loved one passes away, their estate may need to go through probate, a court-supervised process that ensures assets are collected, debts are paid, and property is distributed to the rightful heirs. At The Probate Pro in Michigan, we guide families and personal representatives through every stage of the probate process with clarity, compassion, and professionalism. Let’s get a better understanding of the duties of a personal representative in Michigan.
Probate is the legal process by which a deceased person’s estate is administered under the supervision of the Michigan Probate Court. Probate may be required whether the person left a will (testate) or not (intestate). The court appoints a Personal Representative (sometimes called an executor) who is responsible for managing the estate.
The probate process begins when the court issues Letters of Authority, which officially empower the Personal Representative to act on behalf of the estate. These Letters may include restrictions — for example, limitations on selling real estate or settling claims without court approval.
Once appointed, the Personal Representative must notify all interested parties that the estate has been opened and that they have been chosen to oversee it.
An important early responsibility is dealing with creditors.
Claims may include medical bills, credit cards, mortgages, or other debts. The Personal Representative should review records and mail to identify potential creditors.
For complex issues such as disputes with family members or creditors, our Michigan probate litigation team provides skilled representation.
The Personal Representative must marshal and safeguard estate assets such as:
Assets should be preserved until they are sold, transferred, or distributed. Sometimes property may be listed for sale, while other times it will pass directly to heirs. The fiduciary is responsible for ensuring fair market value and preventing waste.
All liquidated assets should be placed into a fiduciary bank account set up specifically for the estate. This requires an Estate Tax Identification Number (TIN) issued by the IRS. Personal and estate funds must never be commingled.
Within 91 days of receiving Letters of Authority, the Personal Representative must file an Inventory of all estate assets, listing their values as of the date of death.
Throughout administration, the representative must also:
The Personal Representative must determine whether the decedent and the estate owe federal or Michigan income taxes. Any unpaid taxes must be addressed before distributing property, or the representative could face personal liability.
Once debts and taxes are resolved, the estate can move toward distribution. Michigan law requires that estates remain open for at least five months, but many last longer. When ready, the representative works with the court and heirs to finalize accounts and close the estate.
For related planning, visit our page on Michigan estate planning services.
Serving as a Personal Representative is a serious fiduciary duty. Responsibilities include:
Failure to fulfill these duties can result in removal or even personal liability.
Note: This page provides general information and is not legal advice. For guidance tailored to your situation, contact our team.
Probate can be overwhelming, but you don’t have to do it alone. At The Probate Pro, our experienced attorneys in Michigan provide step-by-step guidance to help you:
We also provide support in areas such as trust litigation and estate planning, ensuring that your family’s needs are covered from start to finish.
The Probate Pro
414 W. Fifth St.
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Phone: 248248 399-3300
Website: www.TheProbatePro.com
Free Consultation: Call to speak directly with an experienced Michigan probate attorney.
How long does probate take in Michigan?
Michigan requires estates to remain open for at least five months. Many estates take longer depending on assets, creditors, taxes, and disputes. An experienced Michigan probate attorney can help streamline the process.
What must I file within 91 days?
An Inventory listing the estate assets and values as of the date of death. A Michigan probate attorney can help ensure accuracy and compliance.
How are creditors notified?
Unknown creditors receive notice by publication and have four months to present claims. Known creditors must be given direct written notice. A Michigan probate lawyer can guide you through proper notification.
Can I use the decedent’s bank account to pay my iwn bills?
No. Open a dedicated estate fiduciary bank account using the estate TIN and avoid commingling funds. Seek advice from a Michigan probate attorney to ensure proper setup.